{"id":4717,"date":"2026-09-06T23:27:37","date_gmt":"2026-09-06T15:27:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/?p=4717"},"modified":"2026-09-06T23:27:37","modified_gmt":"2026-09-06T15:27:37","slug":"window-still-leaking-after-resealing-causes-of-recurrent-water-seepage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/am-information\/waterproofing\/window-still-leaking-after-resealing-causes-of-recurrent-water-seepage\/","title":{"rendered":"Window Still Leaking After Resealing? Causes of Recurrent Water Seepage"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; row_position_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; row_position_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; row_position_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; flex_gap_desktop=&#8221;10px&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; column_position=&#8221;default&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221; text_direction=&#8221;default&#8221;]\n<article class=\"ejw-blog\">\n<h1>Why Is My Window Still Leaking After Resealing? Understanding Recurrent Water Seepage and the Right Repair Approach<\/h1>\n<p>A common and frustrating problem in Hong Kong homes is water seepage around a window during rainfall. The owner arranges for the window sealant to be renewed, the situation appears to improve for a while, but after another period of heavy rain, water stains begin to appear again.<\/p>\n<p>This naturally raises several questions. If the sealant has already been replaced, why is the window still leaking? Was the new sealant applied incorrectly? Should another layer simply be added?<\/p>\n<p>In practice, <strong>water appearing beside a window does not necessarily mean that the visible sealant beside that location is the actual point where rainwater entered.<\/strong> An aluminium window works as part of a complete system involving the glass, openable sash, window frame, weather seals, perimeter joints between the frame and the building, and the surrounding external wall.<\/p>\n<p>A defect in any one of these areas may allow rainwater to enter and eventually become visible around the window.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, when a window continues to leak even after resealing, the key question is often not how much additional sealant should be applied, but rather <strong>whether the original source of water ingress was correctly identified in the first place.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"table-of-contents\">Table of Contents<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ejw-toc\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#quick-summary\">Quick Summary<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#not-only-sealant\">A Window Does Not Rely on One Sealant Joint Alone<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#common-causes\">Common Reasons a Window Still Leaks After Resealing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#visible-water-source\">Why the Visible Water Stain May Not Be the Entry Point<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#investigation\">How Professionals Identify the Actual Source of Water Seepage<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#case-study\">Case Example: Repairing the Window Joint May Not Solve an External Wall Problem<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#different-solutions\">Different Problems Require Different Repair Approaches<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#repeated-sealing\">Why Repeatedly Adding More Sealant May Not Solve the Problem<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#faq\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#references\">References<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"quick-summary\">Quick Summary<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ejw-table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Situation<\/th>\n<th>Areas That May Need Inspection<\/th>\n<th>Key Consideration<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Window still leaks after resealing<\/td>\n<td>Existing sealant, frame perimeter joints, external wall and waterproofing layers<\/td>\n<td>The problem may involve more than one sealant joint<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Leakage occurs only during heavy rain or strong wind<\/td>\n<td>Window perimeter, external wall cracks and frame-to-wall joints<\/td>\n<td>Wind-driven rain and the actual path of water ingress should be considered<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Water stains repeatedly appear at the lower corner of the window<\/td>\n<td>Upper and side joints should also be inspected<\/td>\n<td>Water may enter elsewhere and travel downward before becoming visible<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Weather seals and glazing sealant are both deteriorated<\/td>\n<td>Openable sash, glazing perimeter and window frame<\/td>\n<td>Different sealing components may require separate treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Wall surfaces beside the window remain unusually damp<\/td>\n<td>Window frame, external wall, rendering and waterproofing system<\/td>\n<td>Further investigation may be required instead of surface resealing alone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"not-only-sealant\">A Window Does Not Rely on One Sealant Joint Alone<\/h2>\n<p>Many property owners use the general term \u201cwindow sealant\u201d or \u201csilicone\u201d to describe all sealing materials around an aluminium window. However, different sealing components serve different purposes.<\/p>\n<p>For example, there may be glazing sealant between the glass and the sash, weather seals around an openable window, and separate sealing or jointing materials around the perimeter where the aluminium frame meets the building wall.<\/p>\n<p>All of these components may contribute to water resistance, but they are not the same component and they do not perform exactly the same function.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ejw-tip\"><strong>Important:<\/strong><br \/>\nRenewing the glazing sealant around an openable sash only addresses the sealing condition at that particular location. If rainwater is actually entering through the window-frame perimeter, the external wall or another waterproofing layer, replacing the glazing sealant alone may not solve the problem.<\/div>\n<p>The first step should therefore be to identify which part of the system has actually failed before deciding which material or repair method is required.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"common-causes\">Common Reasons a Window Still Leaks After Resealing<\/h2>\n<h3>1. The Previous Repair Did Not Address the Actual Entry Point<\/h3>\n<p>This is one of the most important reasons for recurrent water seepage.<\/p>\n<p>The location where water becomes visible indoors only shows where the water eventually emerged. It does not, by itself, prove that rainwater entered directly through the nearest visible joint.<\/p>\n<p>For example, water may appear at the lower-left corner of a window, while the actual entry point is located at the side of the frame, above the window, or even on an adjacent section of the external wall.<\/p>\n<p>Once rainwater enters, it may travel along joints, wall finishes, the window frame or interfaces between building materials before appearing at a lower point.<\/p>\n<p>If sealant is applied only around the visible indoor water stain, the original path of water ingress may remain untouched.<\/p>\n<h3>2. The Existing Sealant or Substrate Is Already in Poor Condition<\/h3>\n<p>Proper resealing involves more than simply applying a fresh layer over the existing material.<\/p>\n<p>If the old sealant has cracked, detached or deteriorated, or if the surface contains dust, moisture, loose material or remnants of failed sealant, the new material may not form a continuous and reliable bond.<\/p>\n<p>A proper repair may therefore require assessment of the existing material and substrate, removal of failed sections where necessary, preparation of the contact surfaces and correct reapplication of the sealing material.<\/p>\n<p>This is why \u201cadding more sealant\u201d and \u201cre-establishing a proper waterproof joint\u201d are not necessarily the same thing.<\/p>\n<h3>3. The Problem Is Actually at the Window Frame-to-Wall Joint<\/h3>\n<p>The aluminium window itself may appear to be in reasonable condition while the perimeter joint between the window frame and the surrounding wall has deteriorated, cracked or lost its continuous seal.<\/p>\n<p>Rainwater may then enter around the outside of the frame rather than through the glazing area.<\/p>\n<p>If only the glazing sealant is replaced, the actual opening between the frame and the building remains untreated.<\/p>\n<h3>4. The Actual Source Is the External Wall<\/h3>\n<p>Water appearing beside a window may also originate from the external wall.<\/p>\n<p>Cracks, defective rendering, hollow or debonded finishes and other external wall defects may allow rainwater to penetrate the wall construction.<\/p>\n<p>The moisture can then migrate through joints or interfaces and eventually become visible around the window opening.<\/p>\n<p>This is particularly easy to misinterpret because the indoor water stain is physically located beside the window, making it appear as though the aluminium window itself must be leaking.<\/p>\n<p>If the source is actually the external wall, repeatedly applying sealant around the window may only treat the area where the water appears rather than the location where it enters.<\/p>\n<h3>5. A Window Sill, Balcony or Adjacent Waterproofing Layer Has Failed<\/h3>\n<p>Some windows are located beside balconies, platforms or other horizontal surfaces. If the associated waterproofing layer, drainage arrangement or construction joint has deteriorated, rainwater may enter the building through these locations.<\/p>\n<p>In some investigations, window-joint defects and surrounding waterproofing problems can exist at the same time.<\/p>\n<p>Repairing only one of those defects may reduce the amount of water entering the property without completely eliminating the problem.<\/p>\n<h3>6. More Than One Source of Water Ingress Exists<\/h3>\n<p>Water seepage does not always have a single cause.<\/p>\n<p>For example, one window location may simultaneously have deteriorated perimeter sealant, defective weather seals and external wall defects.<\/p>\n<p>Each problem may contribute to the overall condition.<\/p>\n<p>If the first repair addresses only one of them, the situation may improve but leakage can still reappear under certain weather conditions.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ejw-tip\"><strong>An improvement after repair does not necessarily mean that every source of water ingress has been identified.<\/strong><br \/>\nIf the problem continues during particular types of rainfall, the entire water path should be reviewed again.<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"visible-water-source\">Why the Visible Water Stain May Not Be the Entry Point<\/h2>\n<p>One of the most important concepts in understanding recurrent water seepage is that <strong>the point where water appears and the point where water enters can be different.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>After rainwater penetrates a wall or window perimeter, it can move according to gravity, construction joints, material interfaces and the geometry of the surrounding structure.<\/p>\n<p>Water may therefore travel through a concealed route before finally becoming visible indoors.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A damp area below a window does not necessarily mean water entered from below.<\/li>\n<li>Water visible on the left side does not necessarily mean the defect is limited to the left side.<\/li>\n<li>Water appearing near glazing sealant does not automatically prove that the glazing sealant is the only source.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This is why a meaningful seepage investigation should consider the indoor water pattern, window construction, external wall condition and rainfall history together.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"investigation\">How Professionals Identify the Actual Source of Water Seepage<\/h2>\n<h3>Step 1: Understand When the Water Seepage Occurs<\/h3>\n<p>Information provided by the property owner can be extremely useful before and during an investigation.<\/p>\n<p>Relevant questions may include whether the problem occurs during every rainfall event, only during heavy rain, only when strong wind blows from a particular direction, or whether water becomes visible immediately or some time after the rain has stopped.<\/p>\n<p>These patterns can provide important clues about the possible route of water ingress.<\/p>\n<h3>Step 2: Inspect the Aluminium Window and Its Surrounding Joints<\/h3>\n<p>The inspection should not focus only on the visible line of sealant indoors.<\/p>\n<p>Relevant areas may include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>glazing seals around openable windows;<\/li>\n<li>weather seals around the sash;<\/li>\n<li>window-frame perimeter joints;<\/li>\n<li>wall surfaces around the window opening;<\/li>\n<li>accessible external wall areas;<\/li>\n<li>window sills, balconies and nearby waterproofing locations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Step 3: Compare Moisture Readings<\/h3>\n<p>The value of a material moisture meter is not simply the number displayed on the instrument. Its usefulness often comes from comparing the condition of different areas.<\/p>\n<p>For example, a relatively dry indoor wall location may first be selected as a reference point. Measurements can then be taken at areas suspected of being affected by seepage.<\/p>\n<p>If a substantial difference is found, the readings can be assessed together with other site evidence.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ejw-tip\"><strong>Important:<\/strong><br \/>\nBuilding materials, instrument type, ambient conditions and site circumstances can all affect moisture readings. A number recorded in one property should therefore not be treated as a universal pass-or-fail threshold for every building.<\/div>\n<h3>Step 4: Use Thermal Imaging Where Appropriate<\/h3>\n<p>Thermal imaging equipment can help identify unusual surface-temperature patterns and areas that may warrant further investigation.<\/p>\n<p>However, a thermal camera does not literally \u201csee through the wall\u201d or directly measure moisture inside the structure.<\/p>\n<p>Surface temperature differences can also be caused by air conditioning, solar heating, thermal bridges and different building materials.<\/p>\n<p>Thermal images should therefore normally be interpreted together with moisture measurements, visual inspection, rainfall conditions and an understanding of the building construction.<\/p>\n<h3>Step 5: Cross-Check Different Types of Evidence<\/h3>\n<p>The value of a professional water seepage investigation does not depend simply on how many instruments are used.<\/p>\n<p>What matters is whether different pieces of evidence support the same conclusion.<\/p>\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Elevated moisture readings + a corresponding external defect + deteriorated frame joints + water appearing after rainfall<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>provides a much stronger basis for assessment than simply noticing one cracked line of sealant.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"case-study\">Case Example: Repairing the Window Joint May Not Solve an External Wall Problem<\/h2>\n<p>During one residential water seepage investigation, a completely dry wall area was first used as a reference location. The material moisture reading at that location was approximately 8.2, while a suspected seepage location recorded a reading of approximately 80.<\/p>\n<p>The difference between the two locations was significant.<\/p>\n<p>However, the investigation did not conclude that the aluminium window itself was definitely responsible simply because a high moisture reading had been recorded.<\/p>\n<p>Further visual and site inspection found deterioration around the window joint together with significant hollow or defective conditions on the corresponding external wall.<\/p>\n<p>The assessment therefore had to consider both the window-frame joint and the external wall condition.<\/p>\n<p>At another balcony location within the same property, defects were identified around the door perimeter while problems were also found with the balcony waterproofing.<\/p>\n<p>This demonstrates an important principle:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Water appearing beside a window may have more than one contributing cause, and resealing one joint does not necessarily eliminate every possible route of water ingress.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The appropriate repair method should therefore be determined according to the actual condition of each location rather than applying the same waterproofing solution to every case.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"different-solutions\">Different Problems Require Different Repair Approaches<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ejw-table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Inspection Finding<\/th>\n<th>Possible Repair Approach<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Deteriorated glazing sealant around an openable window<\/td>\n<td>Assess the failed sealant and renew the glazing seal where necessary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Deteriorated or ineffective weather seals<\/td>\n<td>Replace with suitable window weather seals where appropriate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Failed joint between the window frame and surrounding wall<\/td>\n<td>Repair and reseal the relevant perimeter joint<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>External wall cracks, hollow finishes or surface defects<\/td>\n<td>Arrange appropriate external wall repair and waterproofing according to actual site conditions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Window sill or balcony waterproofing failure<\/td>\n<td>Assess the relevant waterproofing system rather than treating the aluminium window alone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Multiple defects occurring together<\/td>\n<td>Prepare a combined repair plan based on the identified water paths and priorities<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Where external wall or window-perimeter repairs involve work at height, the need for scaffolding or other safe access arrangements should be determined according to the actual work location, building environment and method of construction.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"repeated-sealing\">Why Repeatedly Adding More Sealant May Not Solve the Problem<\/h2>\n<p>When water appears again beside a window, one of the quickest reactions is to apply another, thicker layer of sealant.<\/p>\n<p>But if the actual defect is located elsewhere, increasing the amount of sealant at the same location will not change the underlying path of water ingress.<\/p>\n<p>Repeatedly covering old material can also make the original condition more difficult to inspect and may increase the amount of preparation required during a future proper repair.<\/p>\n<p>A more logical sequence is:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Identify the defect \u2192 determine the water-entry path \u2192 select the appropriate repair.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This is particularly important where a property has already undergone several unsuccessful attempts at waterproofing.<\/p>\n<p>In such cases, the most useful next step may not be another immediate round of sealing works, but a reassessment of whether the previous diagnosis was complete.<\/p>\n<h2>Further Reading<\/h2>\n<p>For more information about aluminium window waterproofing and related problems, you may also refer to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/am-information\/aluminum-window-waterproof-sealant-edge-aging-and-detachment-complete-handling-guide-detailed-steps-for-sealant-edge-replacement\/\"><br \/>\nComplete Guide to Deteriorated Aluminium Window Weather Seals<br \/>\n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/am-information\/comprehensive-analysis-of-aluminum-window-waterproofing-projects-in-hong-kong-causes-of-water-seepage-treatment-methods-and-preventive-measures\/\"><br \/>\nHong Kong Aluminium Window Waterproofing: Causes, Repairs and Prevention<br \/>\n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/waterproofing\/\"><br \/>\nEJW Aluminium Window Water Leakage and Waterproofing Services<br \/>\n<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"faq\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ejw-faq-list\">\n<details class=\"ejw-faq-item\">\n<summary>If my window still leaks after resealing, does that mean the workmanship was definitely poor?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"ejw-faq-answer\">\n<p>Not necessarily. If the actual water-entry point was somewhere other than the joint that was repaired, leakage can continue even if the resealed area itself was properly completed. The window, frame perimeter and surrounding wall should therefore be reassessed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ejw-faq-item\">\n<summary>If water appears below the window sill, does that mean the bottom of the sill is leaking?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"ejw-faq-answer\">\n<p>Not necessarily. Water may enter from a higher point or another construction joint and then travel downward through the window or wall structure. The visible location is therefore not always the actual entry point.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ejw-faq-item\">\n<summary>Can I simply buy sealant and apply another layer myself?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"ejw-faq-answer\">\n<p>For a minor and clearly identified indoor sealing issue, a property owner may first review the material and application requirements. However, where leakage is recurrent or involves external window joints, external walls or work at height, repeatedly adding sealant without identifying the source is not recommended. Property owners should also avoid carrying out unsafe work outside high-rise windows.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ejw-faq-item\">\n<summary>Can a thermal camera directly locate the source of a water leak?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"ejw-faq-answer\">\n<p>No. Thermal imaging mainly shows differences in surface temperature. These temperature variations may be influenced by moisture, air conditioning, sunlight, thermal bridging or differences in building materials. Thermal imaging should therefore be interpreted together with moisture measurements, visual inspection and site conditions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ejw-faq-item\">\n<summary>Does a high moisture-meter reading always mean there is an active leak?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"ejw-faq-answer\">\n<p>No single reading should normally be treated as conclusive. Different materials, instruments and environmental conditions can influence the result. Comparing the suspected area with an appropriate dry reference location and reviewing other site evidence usually provides a more meaningful assessment.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ejw-faq-item\">\n<summary>My window only leaks during typhoons or very heavy rain. Should it still be inspected?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"ejw-faq-answer\">\n<p>Yes. Strong wind and heavy rain can expose windows and external walls to more demanding wind-driven rain conditions. Some defects may only allow water ingress under particular wind directions or rainfall intensity, even if the window appears normal during ordinary weather.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ejw-faq-item\">\n<summary>Does every window water-seepage repair require scaffolding?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"ejw-faq-answer\">\n<p>No. The need for scaffolding depends on the location of the actual defect, building height, accessibility and required work method. An issue that can be safely treated from an accessible indoor position may not require scaffolding, while external wall or perimeter repairs at height may require appropriate access and safety arrangements.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ejw-faq-item\">\n<summary>Is a Mandatory Window Inspection the same as a water seepage investigation?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"ejw-faq-answer\">\n<p>No. The Mandatory Window Inspection Scheme is a statutory process primarily concerned with window safety, whereas a water seepage investigation focuses on identifying moisture sources and possible water-entry paths. A window inspection may identify deteriorated seals or waterproofing-related defects, but a complicated seepage case may still require a separate investigation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"conclusion\">Conclusion: If Water Seepage Keeps Returning, Confirm the Source Before Resealing Again<\/h2>\n<p>One of the easiest assumptions to make when water appears beside a window is that the nearby sealant must be leaking.<\/p>\n<p>In reality, glazing seals, weather seals, frame-to-wall joints, external wall conditions, window sills and balcony waterproofing can all contribute to water appearing around a window.<\/p>\n<p>If the area has already been resealed but the problem continues to return, repeatedly adding more sealant may be less useful than reassessing the complete path of water ingress.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Identifying the problem before choosing the repair method is often more important than deciding on the waterproofing work first.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>EJW provides aluminium window inspection, water seepage investigation, aluminium window repair and waterproofing services. For recurrent or unexplained window-side water seepage, the actual condition can first be assessed so that an appropriate repair approach can be determined according to the findings.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"references\">References<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"ejw-reference-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bd.gov.hk\/doc\/en\/resources\/codes-and-references\/practice-notes-and-circular-letters\/pnap\/APP\/APP116.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Buildings Department \u2014 Practice Note APP-116: Aluminium Windows<br \/>\n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bd.gov.hk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Hong Kong Buildings Department<br \/>\n<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/article>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; row_position_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; row_position_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; row_position_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; flex_gap_desktop=&#8221;10px&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221;&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4716,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[232,30],"tags":[324,319,327,314,101,325,326],"class_list":["post-4717","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-waterproofing","category-am-information","tag-aluminium-window-leakage","tag-ejw","tag-external-wall-seepage","tag-water-leakage-detection","tag-waterproofing-engineering","tag-window-frame-leakage","tag-window-sealant"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4717","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4717"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4717\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4719,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4717\/revisions\/4719"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4716"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4717"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4717"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkejw.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4717"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}